A SAP transaction is an application that executes a business process on a system, performs a set of logically completed actions over data. (Technically, it is a “shortcut” for calling a program on ABAP/4).   For example, it can be the input and accounting entry of an invoice, forming some reports. (Programmers: SAP transaction is not synonymous with DB transaction).

When analyzing problems with a SAP system, it is often sufficient to analyze transactions in the following order:

sm50 – see how fast workflows are running. Are there many free ones, are there many long-term employees, are there any processes in PRIV mode?

st22 – see the presence of dumps in the system, their count

st03n – Detailed analysis > load of the last minutes. View average online time, >2 seconds is bad time.

sm21 – check system log for errors

stad – view query execution time in transactions. Here you can find the reason for the long-running transaction. On average, CPU time is 30%, database access is 20%, the rest is 50%.

st02 – view the number of buffer swaps. More than 10,000 per day is a problem.

dbacockpit – view database problems

sm04 – see how much RAM the user has eaten

Code	Name
AL01	SAP Alert Monitor
AL02	Database alert monitor
AL03	Operating system alert monitor
AL04	Monitor call distribution
AL05	Monitor current workload
AL06	Performance: Upload/Download
AL07	EarlyWatch Report
AL08	Users Logged On
AL09	Data for database expertise
AL10	Download to Early Watch
AL11	Display SAP Directories
AL12	Display table buffer (Exp. session)
AL13	Display Shared Memory (Expert mode)
AL15	Customize SAPOSCOL destination
AL16	Local Alert Monitor for Operat.Syst.
AL17	Remote Alert Monitor for Operat. Syst.
AL18	Local File System Monitor
AL19	Remote File System Monitor
AL20	EarlyWatch Data Collector List
AL21	ABAP Program analysis
AL22	Dependent objects display
CREF	Cross-reference
BD64	Create a Distribution Model between SAP R/3 and SAP XI
BSVW	Linkage Status Update-Workflow Event
CMOD	Enhancements
DB01	Analyze exclusive lock waits
DB02	Analyze tables and indexes
DB03	Parameter changes in database
DB11	Early Watch Profile Maintenance
DB12	Overview of Backup Logs
DB13	Database administration calendar
DB14	Show SAPDBA Action Logs
DB15	Data Archiving: Database Tables
DB16	DB System Check: Monitor
DB17	DB System Check: Configuration
DMIG	Start Transaction for Data Migration
DBCO	Oracle Native Connect
DB2	Select Database Activities
DB20	DB Cost-Based Optimizer: Tab. Stats
DB21	DB Cost-Based Optimizer: Config.
DB24	Database Operations Monitor
DB26	DB Profile:Monitor and Configuration
DB2J	Manage JCL jobs for OS/390
DBCO	Database Connection Maintenance
CRM_DNO_MONITOR	SolutionManager
FILE	Cross-Client File Names/Paths
NACE	WFMC: Initial Customizing Screen
OAA1	SAP ArchiveLink: Maint.user st.syst
OAA3	SAP ArchiveLink protocols
OAA4	SAP ArchiveLink applic.maintenance
OAAD	ArchiveLink Administration Documents
OAC2	SAP ArchiveLink: Globaldoc. types
OAC5	SAP ArchiveLink: Bar code entry
OACA	SAP ArchiveLink workflow parameters
OAD0	SAP ArchiveLink: Objectlinks
OAD2	SAP ArchiveLink document classes
OAD3	SAP ArchiveLink: Link tables
OAD4	SAP ArchiveLink: Bar code types
OAD5	SAP ArchiveLink: Customizing Wizard
OADR	SAP ArchiveLink: Print list search
OAM1	SAP ArchiveLink: Monitoring
OAOR	SAP ArchiveLink: Stored documents
OARE	SAP ArchiveLink: St.syst.return codes
OS01	LAN check with ping
OS03	O/S Parameter changes
OS04	Local System Configuration
OS05	Remote System Configuration
OS06	Local Operating System Activity
OS07	Remote Operating SystemActivity
OSS1	Logon to Online ServiceSystem
OY18	Table history
OY19	Customizing Compare Spro
OY08	Development Class Overview
PFCG	Activity Group
PFUD	Authorization Profile comparison
RLOG	Data migration logging
RSPLAN	BI IP: Planning Modeler
RZ01	Job Scheduling Monitor
RZ02	Network Graphics for SAP Instances
RSD1	InfoObject Activation
RZ03	Presentation, Control SAP Instances
RZ04	Maintain SAP Instances
RZ06	Alerts Thresholds Maintenance
RZ08	SAP Alert Monitor
RZ10	Maintenance of profile parameters
RZ11	Profile parameter maintenance
RZ12	Maintain RFC Server Group Assignment
RZ20	CCMS Monitoring
RZ21	Customize CCMS Alert Monitor
RSVARENT	Manage locked variants
SA38	ABAP/4 Reporting
SAD0	Address Management call
SADC	Address: Maint. communication types
SALE	Display ALE Customizing
SAINT	Plug-in Installation
SARI	Archive Information System
SAR3	Customizing Archiving
SAR4	Define Archiving Class
SAR5	Assign Archiving Class
SAR6	Archiving Time Generator
SARA	Archive management
SARL	Call of ArchiveLink Monitor
SARP	Reporting (Tree Structure): Execute
SART	Display Reporting Tree
SB01	Business Navigator – Component View
SB02	Business Navigator – Process flow vw
SBAS	Assignments to Process Model Elemts
SC38	Start Report Immediately
SCAT	Computer Aided Test Tool
SCC0	Client Copy
SCC1	Client Copy – Special Selections
SCC2	Client transport
SCC3	Client Copy Log
SCC4	Client administration
SCC5	Client Delete
SCC6	Client Import
SCC7	Client Import – Post Processing
SCC8	Client Export
SCC9	Remote Client Copy
SCCL	Local Client Copy
SCDO	Display Change DocumentObjects
SCMP	View / Table Comparison
SCOM	SAPcomm: Configuration
SCON	SAPconnect – Administration
SCPF	Generate enterprise IMG
SCPR1	Customizing Profiles : Maintenance Tool
SCPR2	Comparing Customizing profiles
SCUA	Central User Administration : Distribution Model Assigment
SCUG	Central User Administration Structure Display
SCUM	Central User Administration Field Selection
SCU0	Table Analyses And Comparison
SCU1	Table Comparison – Export to Tape
SCU2	Table Comparison Against Tape
SCU3	Table History
SD11	Data Modeler
SDBE	Explain an SQL Statement
SECR	Audit Information System
SE01	Transport and Correction System
SE02	Environment Analyzer
SE03	Transport Utilities
SE06	Set up Workbench Organizer
SE07	Transport System Status Display
SE09	Workbench Organizer (Initial Screen)
SE10	Customizing Organizer
SE11	Data Dictionary Maintenance
SE12	Data Dictionary Display
SE13	Maintain Technical Settings (Tables)
SE14	Convert Data Dictionary tables on Database Level
SE15	Repository Info System
SE16	Display Table Content
SE17	Generate Table Display
SE30	ABAP Objects Runtime Analysis
SE32	ABAP Text Element Maintenance
SE33	Context Builder
SE35	ABAP/4 Dialog Modules
SE36	Logical databases
SE37	ABAP Function Modules
SE38	ABAP Editor
SE39	Splitscreen Editor: Program Compare
SE40	MP: Standards Maint. and Translation
SE41	Menu Painter
SE43	Maintain Area Menu
SE51	Screen Painter
SE52	Parameterized screenpainter call
SE54	Generate table view
SE55	Internal table view maintenance call
SE56	internal call: display table view
SE57	internal delete table view call
SE61	R/3 Documentation
SE62	Industry Utilities
SE63	Translation: Initial Screen
SE71	SAPscript form
SE72	SAPscript Styles
SE73	SAPscript font maintenance (revised)
SE74	SAPscript format conversion
SE75	SAPscript Settings
SE76	SAPscript: Form Translation
SE77	SAPscript Translation Styles
SE78	SAPscript: Graphics administration
SE80	Object Navigator
SE81	Application Hierarchy
SE82	Application Hierarchy
SE84	R/3 Repository Information System
SE85	ABAP/4 Repository Information System
SE86	ABAP Repository Information System
SE88	Development Coordination Info System
SE89	Maintain Trees in Information System
SE91	Maintain Messages
SE92	New SysLog Msg Maintenance as of 46A
SE93	Maintain Transaction Codes
SE94	Customer enhancement simulation
SE95	Modification Browser
SEPS	SAP Electronic Parcel Service
SERP	Reporting: Change Tree Structure
SEU	Repository Browser
SF01	Client-Specific File Names
SFAW	Field Selection Maintenance
SIAC1	Web Object Administration
SHDB	Record Batch Input
SICK	Installation Check
SIN1	SAPBPT: Inbox
SINA	SAPBPT: Maintain Standard Config.
SLG0	Application Log: ObjectMaintenance
SLIN	ABAP: Extended Program Check
SM01	Lock Transactions
SM02	System Messages
SM04	User Overview
SM12	Display and Delete Locks
SM13	Display Update Records
SM14	Update Program Administration
SM21	System log
SM23	System Log Analysis
SM28	Installation Check
SM29	Model Transfer for Tables
SM30	Call Up View Maintenance
SM31	Table maintenance
SM31_OLD	Old Table Maintenance
SM32	Maintain Table Parameter ID TAB
SM33	Display Table ParameterID TAB
SM34	Viewcluster maintenancecall
SM35	Batch Input Monitoring
SM36	Batch request
SM37	Background job overview
SM38	Queue Maintenance Transaction
SM39	Job analysis
SM49	Execute Logical Commands
SM50	Work Process Overview
SM51	List of SAP Servers
SM54	TXCOM maintenance
SM55	THOST maintenance
SM56	Number Range Buffer
SM58	Asynchronous RFC Error Log
SM59	RFC Destinations (Display/Maintain)
SM60	Borrow/Return Objects
SM61
SM62
SM63	Display/Maintain Operating Mode Sets
SM64	Release of an event
SM65	Background Processing Analysis Tool
SM66	System-wide Work Process Overview
SM67	Job scheduling
SM68	Job administration
SM69	Display/Maintain Logical Commands
SMEN	Dynamic menu
SMGW	Gateway Monitor
SMLG	Maintain Logon Group
SMLI	Language import utility
SMLT	Language transport utility
SMOD	SAP Enhancement Management
SMT1	Trusted Systems (Display <-> Maint.)
SMT2	Trusting systems (Display <->Maint.)
SMW0	SAP Web Repository
SMX	Display Own Jobs
SNRO	Number Range Objects
SO02	SAPoffice: Outbox
SO03	SAPoffice: Private Folders
SO04	SAPoffice: Shared Folders
SO05	SAPoffice: Private Trash
SO06	SAPoffice: Substitutionon/off
SO07	SAPoffice: Resubmission
SO10	SAPscript: Standard Texts
SO12	SAPoffice: User Master
SO13	SAPoffice: Substitute
SO15	SAPoffice: DistributionLists
SO16	SAPoffice: Profile
SO17	SAPoffice: Delete Shared Trash
SO18	SAPoffice: Shared Trash
SO19	SAPoffice: Default Documents
SO21	Maintain PC Work Directory
SO22	SAPoffice: Delete PC Temp. Files
SO23	SAPoffice: DistributionLists
SO24	SAPoffice: Maintenance of default PC
SO28	Maintain SOGR
SO30	SAPoffice: Reorg.
SO31	Reorganization (daily)
SO36	Create Automatic Forwarding
SO38	SAPoffice: Synchr. of Folder Auths.
SO40	SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet MAIL
SO41	SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet TELEFAX
SO42	SAPoffice: Cust.Layout Set TELEFAX_K
SO43	SAPoffice: Cust.Layout Set TELEFAX_M
SO44	SAPoffice: Cust. LayoutSet TELEX
SO70	Hypertext: Display/Maint. Structure
SO71	Test plan management
SO72	Maintain Hypertext Module
SO73	Import graphic into SAPfind
SO80	SAPfind: Free Text Retrieval Dialog
SO81	SAPfind: Free Text Indexing (Test)
SO82	SAPfind: Free Text Retrieval Batch
SO95	Pregenerated Search Queries – Selec.
SO99	Put Information System
SOA0	ArchiveLink Workflow document types
SOBJ	Attribute Maintenance Objects
SOLE	OLE Applications
SOLI	Load OLE type info
solman_workcenter	SolutionManager
SOPE	Exclude Document Classes
SOTD	SAPoffice: Maintain Object Types
SOY1	SAPoffice: Mass Maint. Users
SOY2	SAPoffice: Statistics data collect.
SOY3	SAPoffice: Statistics Evaluation
SOY4	SAPoffice: Access overview
SOY5	SAPoffice: Inbox overview
SOY6	SAPoffice: Document overview
SOY7	SAPoffice: Folder overview
SOY8	SAPoffice: Mass Archiving
SOY9	SAPoffice: Inbox Reorg.
SOYA	SAPoffice: Change folder owner
SP00	Spool and Relate Area
SP01	Spool Control
SP02	Display output Requests
SP03	Spool: Load Formats
SP11	TemSe Contents
SP12	TemSe Administration
SPAD	Spool Management
SPAM	SAP Patch Manager (SPAM)
SPAU	Display Modified DE Objects
SPCC	Spool Consistency check
SPDD	Display Modified DDIC objects
SPHA	Telephony administration
SPIC	Spool : Installation Check
SPRM	Current Customizing
SPRO	Customizing
SREPO	Repo Comparator
SQ01	SAP Query: Maintain queries
SQ02	SAP Query: Maintain funct. areas
SQ03	SAP Query: Maintain user groups
SQ07	SAP Query: Language comparison
SQVI	QuickViewer
SSAA	System Administration Assistant
SSCA	Appointment Diary: Administration
SRZL	CCMS
SSM1	Session Manager generation call
SSM5	Create Activity Group
ST01	System Trace
ST02	Setups/Tune Buffers
ST03	Performance, SAP Statistics, Workload
ST04	Select activity of the databases
ST05	SQL Trace
ST06	Operating System Monitor
ST07	Application monitor
ST08	Network Monitor
ST09	Network Alert Monitor
ST10	Table Call Statistics
ST11	Display Developer Traces
ST12	Application Monitor
ST14	Application Analysis
ST22	ABAP Runtime Error Analysis
ST22	ABAP/4 Runtime Error Analysis
ST62	Create industry short texts
STAT	Local transaction statistics
STMS	Transport Management System
STUN	Performance Monitoring
STW1	Test Workbench: Test catalog
STW2	Test workbench: Test plan
STW3	Test workbench: Test package
STW4	Test Workbench: Edit test package
STW5	C maintenance table TTPLA
STZAC	Maintain time zone act.in client
STZAD	Disp.time zone activat.in client
SUMM	Global User Manager
SU01	Maintain User
SU01D	Display users
SU02	Maintain Authorization Profiles
SU03	Maintain Authorizations
SU05	Maintain Internet Users
SU10	Mass changes to User Master
SU11	Maintain Authorizations
SU12	Mass Changes to User Master Records
SU2	Maintain User Parameter
SU20	Maintain Authorization Fields
SU21	Maintain Authorization Objects
SU22	Auth. object usage in transactions
SU24	Disables Authorization Checks
SU25	Imports SAP Check Indicators defaults
SU26	Adjust Authorization checks
SU30	Total checks in the area of auth.
SU52	Maintain own user parameters
SU53	Display check values
SU54	List for Session Manager
SU56	Analyze User Buffer
SUPC	Profiles for activity groups
SUPF	Integrated User Maintenance
SUPO	Maintain Organization Levels
SUIM	Repository Info System
SWDC	Workflow Definition
SXDA	Data Transfer Workbench
TU02	Display Active Parameters
USMM	Customer measurement
RSPFPAR	Profile Parameters View
SCMP	Comparison of views and tables between systems
i18n	Internationalization
STAUTHTRACE	Syetem trace for permission check
SWWL	Workflow. Delete Work Item
SWWH	Workflow. Delete Work Item History
SWWL_TOPLEVEL	Workflow. Delete Top Level Work Items with All Dependent Entries

Some interesting reports for the sap basis:

Report	Explaination
fp_pdf_test_00	PDF Form Test
RSDBTIME	SAP Time Setting
RSUSR003	Standard Users and Passwords Report
RSTABLESIZE	Client Occupancy Count places
BTC_MASS_JOB_CHANGE	Mass change of owner of a background job (note 1532884 contains this report)
RSPO0022	Configuring XDC printer settings
RSTRFCDR	Monitor available RFC resources
SAPRSEUT	Update Object Lists After Transport
SAPRSEUB	Generate Where-Used List (For All Programs)
SAPRSLOG	Refresh Navigation Indexes and Object Lists
ADBC_TEST_CONNECTION	External database connection test (DBCO)
BALVBUFDEL	AVL buffer clearing GRID
BTCAUX02	View Jobs with Remote Printer
rstptest	Transport system test
RSORAPATCHINFO	Oracle chown patch info ew2adm:dba /oracle/EW2/11203/.patch_storage/ -R
FM /TMWFLOW/MO_UI_BASKET_AUTHORIZ	FM nickname. Cart approval in SolMan. It is not necessary to wait for approval from SAP, you can approve the cart yourself =)
PFCG_MASS_TRANSPORT	Mass transport of roles via request
RSUPGRES	Reset after failed SP/EHP update (000 mands under DDIC)
RSPO0022	Copy DPL types
RS_ABAP_SOURCE_SCAN	Scanning sources analog CODE_SCANNER
RSSNCSRV	SNC Status Report
RSDBTIME	Time Consistency Check
RS_REPAIR_SOURCE	Editing program sources without keys and everything. Caution.
SWNC_COLLECTOR_COMPRESSION	Setting RZ20 compression (note 1110822 )
SWNC_COLLECTOR_RECOMPRESS	Start recompression of SWNC
SWNCTOTAL	Start data aggregation for RZ20
BTCTRNS2	After upgrading the system, jobs can remain in the  Released/Susp status. To transfer them to the status of released, you need to execute it
SLIM_XML_CONV	Convert measurement results from external systems in XML format